President Donald Trump’s hike in tariffs is projected to generate enough revenue to cut federal deficits by $4 trillion over the next decade, according to the latest analysis by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO). The nonpartisan agency said it had updated its estimates of tariff revenues as part of the development of the short-term economic forecast covering 2025 to 2028, to be published on Sept. 12.
The CBO report found that increased tariffs—many targeting imports from China, Mexico, Canada, and the European Union as well as automobiles, steel, and other goods—have raised effective tariff rates by about 18 percentage points compared to last year. If these rates remain, primary deficits would shrink by $3.3 trillion and interest payments would fall by another $700 billion, bringing the total deficit reduction to $4 trillion over 10 years.
Higher tariff revenues mean less need for federal borrowing, resulting in significant savings on national debt interest payments. This marks a substantial revision from the CBO’s June estimates following recent hikes in tariff rates and broader coverage across key imports, when the agency projected a $2.5 trillion decrease in primary deficits and $500 billion reduction in interest outlays in a report that examined the effects of the tariffs implemented between Jan. 6 and May 13, 2025. The CBO said it used the same methods to generate the projections, mainly based on data from the Census Bureau, Customs and Border Protection, and the Treasury.
The study notes that tariff revenue could partially offset deficits caused by new tax cuts and spending bills, such as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, which is expected to raise deficits by $3.4 trillion, also according to the CBO. However, legal challenges and evolving trade negotiations may impact future tariff-related revenues, the CBO cautioned.
The federal debt currently stands at about $37 trillion, and analysts remain concerned about upward pressures on interest rates and borrowing costs due to rising debt levels. Lawmakers are also facing a government funding deadline at the end of September, which places added scrutiny on deficit management in upcoming fiscal debates.
Separately, the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget (CRFB), a nonpartisan budget watchdog that sits outside the government, has calculated that Trump’s tariff regime, if kept permanent, could reduce the deficit by up to $2.8 trillion in the next decade. The CRFB called the revenue being generated by the tariffs both “meaningful” and “significant.”
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