Around 1.1 billion years ago, the oldest and most tectonically stable part of North America — called Laurentia — was rapidly heading south toward the equator. Laurentia eventually slammed into Earth’s other landmasses during the Grenville orogeny to form the supercontinent Rodinia. Laurentia’s path during that period is known, thanks to paleomagnetism. By tracing the orientation and magnetism of rocks …
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